Polypodium vulgare

The microscopic world on the underside of a Polypodium vulgare frond. Looking directly at the sorus, one can see immature sporangium. These spherical spore containing structures eventually split open under favourable abiotic conditions, catapulting spores away from the frond. My previous upload shows the sorus after spores have been dispersed on the underside of a Dicksonia antarctica frond. Pictures of fern gametophyte (baby ferns) still to come

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